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NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts
The NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts (NIAC) is a NASA program for development of far reaching, long term advanced concepts by "creating breakthroughs, radically better or entirely new aerospace concepts". The program operated under the name NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts from 1998 until 2007 (managed by the Universities Space Research Association on behalf of NASA), and continued under the name NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts from 2011 to present. The NIAC program funds work on revolutionary aeronautics and space concepts that can dramatically impact how NASA develops and conducts its missions.
==NIAC History==
The ''NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts'' (NIAC) was a NASA-funded program that was operated by the Universities Space Research Association (USRA) for NASA from 1998 until its closure on 31 August 2007. NIAC was to serve as "an independent open forum, a high-level point of entry to NASA for an external community of innovators, and an external capability for analysis and definition of advanced aeronautics and space concepts to complement the advanced concept activities conducted within NASA."〔''(Visions for the Future: A Review of the NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts )'', National Academies Press, Washington DC (2009); ISBN 0-309-14051-X; ISBN 978-0-309-14051-5 (accessed 6 September 2012)〕 NIAC sought proposals for revolutionary aeronautics and space concepts that could dramatically impact how NASA developed and conducted its missions. It provided a highly visible, recognizable, and high-level entry point for outside thinkers and researchers. NIAC encouraged proposers to think decades into the future in pursuit of concepts that would "leapfrog" the evolution of contemporary aerospace systems. While NIAC sought advanced concept proposals that stretch the imagination, these concepts were expected to be based on sound scientific principles and attainable within a 10 to 40-year time frame. From February 1998 to 2007, NIAC received a total of 1,309 proposals and awarded 126 Phase I grants and 42 Phase II contracts for a total value of $27.3 million.〔NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts, (9th Annual & Final Report, 2006-2007 ), Performance Period July 12, 2006 - August 31, 2007 (page 9, Executive Summary, 4th paragraph)〕
NASA announced on March 1, 2011 that the NIAC concept would be re-established at NASA with similar goals,〔Marcia S. Smith, ("NIAC2 Gets Underway at NASA, Two Other Technology Solicitations Announced" ), SpacePolicyOnline, 02-Mar-2011 (accessed 6 Sept. 2012)〕〔(NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts ) web page (accessed 1 August 2012)〕 maintaining the acronym NIAC.
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